Undescended testes

Why is this surgery needed?

Early surgery, usually between the ages of 6 and 12 months, is recommended to maximise the potential growth and function of an undescended testicle. This helps protect future fertility and reduce risks of complications such as testicular cancer. A normally positioned testicle is easier to check for any problems as your child grows.

How is the surgery performed?

The operation is usually done as a day-case under general anaesthesia, meaning your child can go home the same day. There are several techniques, including a small cut in the groin or scrotum (scrotal or inguinal approach), or, for higher testicles, a minimally invasive (laparoscopic) approach. The choice depends on where the testicle is located.

What are the risks?

Orchidopexy is safe and common procedure. Most children recover quickly. The most common risks involve infection in a wound or bruising and swelling. Rarely the testicle may not stay in place with growth and a revision procedure may be required later in childhood. There is a small risk of the testis not having sufficient blood supply causing it to shrink or potentially not surviving. This risk is greatest in testicles that are very high.

What to expect after surgery

Mild pain or swelling is common and usually managed with paracetamol or ibuprofen. Local anesthesia is often used during surgery to reduce pain afterward. Most children are pain-free within 24 hours and can return to normal activities within a few days.